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Web character encoding reference

Every web form of é, à, €, the guillemets and the rest side by side: code point, HTML entity, numeric entity, UTF-8 bytes, percent-encoding for URLs and the JavaScript escape.

Related tools

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ASCII Table ReferenceFull ASCII table (0-127) with a decimal / hex / octal / binary / character converter and a text-to-codes panel.Citation Generator (APA / MLA / Chicago)Generate a correctly formatted reference-list entry and in-text citation (or footnote) in APA 7, MLA 9 or Chicago 17 for websites, books, journal articles and newspapers, with one-click copy.Depth of Field (DoF) CalculatorHyperfocal distance and the near/far sharp limits for a sensor, focal length, aperture and subject distance.Exposure Triangle CalculatorChange one of aperture, shutter or ISO and see how the other two compensate in stops to keep the exposure.Golden Hour / Blue Hour CalculatorSunrise, sunset and the morning & evening golden and blue hours for any location and date.HTML CompressorMinify HTML by removing comments and collapsing whitespace to reduce page weight.MAC Address GeneratorGenerate random MAC addresses with an optional vendor OUI prefix, unicast/multicast and UAA/LAA bits, in any format.Natural Language Unit ConverterType “5 miles in km” or “how many tablespoons in a cup” and get the answer — a deterministic parser, no AI, with the US and imperial gallon and pint kept apart.

Open Web character encoding reference and you get an answer straight away, with no account to create. You will find it under Data & computing, with ASCII Table Reference and Citation Generator (APA / MLA / Chicago) for the neighbouring cases.

How to use it

  1. Open the tool — no signup or install needed.
  2. Enter your input or adjust the available options.
  3. Get your result instantly, then copy or download it.

Frequently asked questions

What is Web character encoding reference?

Every web form of é, à, €, the guillemets and the rest side by side: code point, HTML entity, numeric entity, UTF-8 bytes, percent-encoding for URLs and the JavaScript escape.

When would I actually use this?

Finding out how big a thing will be before you make it: how many gigabytes an hour of footage takes, how long a file needs on the connection you have, how large a photo prints before it goes soft, what bitrate fits the budget you were given.

What is the most common mistake?

Reading a figure in one unit next to a figure in another. Megabits are not megabytes and the eight-fold gap sinks most transfer estimates; a kilobyte is 1 000 bytes to a drive maker and 1 024 to the operating system; pixels are not dots per inch. None of it is hard arithmetic — the unit on each side is what decides whether the answer means anything.

How is Web character encoding reference different from ASCII Table Reference?

They sit next to each other but answer different questions. ASCII Table Reference: full ASCII table (0-127) with a decimal / hex / octal / binary / character converter and a text-to-codes panel. Pick whichever matches what you're starting from — both are free.

Is there a tool for the next step?

Citation Generator (APA / MLA / Chicago) is the closest one after this: Generate a correctly formatted reference-list entry and in-text citation (or footnote) in APA 7, MLA 9 or Chicago 17 for websites, books, journal articles and newspapers, with one-click copy.

What else is worth having open alongside it?

Depth of Field (DoF) Calculator and Exposure Triangle Calculator — they come up in the same task often enough to be worth a second tab.

Where do the figures come from?

Byte prefixes follow the IEC convention where a kibibyte is 1 024 bytes and a kilobyte is 1 000 — drive makers use the second, operating systems often report the first, and a disk that shrinks on arrival is that gap and nothing else. Print sizing assumes 300 dpi unless you change it.

Further reading

All guides →
ExplainerThe Golden Hour and the Blue Hour Are Angles, Not HoursGolden hour runs from +6° to −4° of solar elevation and blue hour from −4° to −6°, which is why it lasts forty minutes at the equator, over an hour at mid-latitudes, and above 72.6° in June does not happen at all. The thresholds this calculator uses, checked against its own output.ExplainerDepth of Field: What Actually Controls ItFour variables set depth of field, and subject distance dominates the other three. The exact formulas, a computed table, why the circle of confusion is a decision rather than a measurement, and what "full frame has less depth of field" really means.ExplainerThe Exposure Triangle Is Three Routes to the Same StopA stop is a factor of two in light. The f-number scale is powers of √2 for a reason you can derive in one line, EV = log2(N²/t) puts a number on it, and the three controls are equivalent in brightness only — never in the picture.ExplainerThe Hyperfocal Distance Is Only as Precise as a Judgement CallA 50 mm lens at f/8 gives 10.47 m — or 15.68 m if you tighten the circle of confusion from 0.03 to 0.02 mm. Both settings are defensible and they differ by half.ExplainerCrop Factor: What It Changes and What It Does NotCrop factor is a ratio of sensor diagonals. It changes framing, not the lens — proved by computing field of view both ways — and it applies to the f-number as well as the focal length, which is the half most articles leave out.GuideWhat a Minifier Can Remove, and What It Must NotMinification has to preserve meaning, and the interesting part is the whitespace that carries meaning: the descendant combinator, the spaces inside calc(), the gap between two inline elements. Measured here on real files, including how much brotli was going to save you anyway.