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Vector magnitude calculator

Compute the magnitude (length) of a 3D vector from its components.

Unit Vector Calculatorv̂ = v / |v| in 2 to 10 dimensions, with |v| as a simplified radical, each component exact (−3,6,−2 gives −3/7, 6/7, −2/7), the share each component takes of |v|², the direction cosines and a unit-circle figure.Adjacency matrix calculatorTurn any graph into its adjacency matrix. Paste an edge list (A-B), an adjacency list (A: B C D) or a binary matrix — the tool auto-detects the format, builds the labelled adjacency matrix, and reports the degree sequence, in/out-degrees for directed graphs, and the vertex and edge counts.Angle Between Two Vectors Calculatorθ = arccos(a·b / (|a||b|)) in 2D or 3D, in degrees and radians, with the dot product, both magnitudes, the projections and a parallel / perpendicular / acute / obtuse verdict.Cholesky decomposition calculatorFactor a symmetric positive-definite matrix A into L·Lᵀ, where L is lower triangular — the Cholesky decomposition. Enter A on an editable square grid and it returns L, Lᵀ and the product L·Lᵀ; if the matrix is not symmetric or not positive-definite, it tells you which condition failed. Twice as fast as LU, Cholesky is used in optimization, Kalman filters and Monte-Carlo simulation.Column Space Calculator (basis of Col(A), rank, pivot columns)A basis of the column space of any matrix up to 6×6, taken from the ORIGINAL pivot columns rather than the reduced ones — with the rank, the free columns, the full RREF and every row operation.Cramer's Rule CalculatorSolves a 2×2 or 3×3 system with exact fractions, shows every determinant expanded term by term, and when D = 0 separates the two cases most calculators merge: dependent with infinitely many solutions, or inconsistent with none.Cross Product Calculatora × b in 3D with the determinant expansion shown, the magnitude |a||b|sin θ, the parallelogram and triangle areas, the unit normal and the right-hand rule.Dot Product Calculatora·b in 2 to 10 dimensions with the term-by-term sum, both magnitudes as exact radicals, the angle in degrees and radians, the projections, and a figure. Parallel and orthogonal are decided in exact fractions, so (1,1,1)·(2,2,2) returns 0°, not NaN.

Need Magnitude? The Vector magnitude calculator derives it from x, y, z in one step. For instance, with x = 3, y = 4 and z = 0 it returns Magnitude = 5.

How to use it

  1. Enter your values: x, y, z.
  2. Read the result instantly: Magnitude.

Frequently asked questions

What does the Vector magnitude calculator actually compute?

It takes x, y and z and derives Magnitude from them. The calculation is live as you type, so the result updates on every change.

What information do I need to provide?

3 values: x, y and z. Nothing else is required — no account, no file upload.

Can you show a worked example?

With x = 3, y = 4 and z = 0, the calculator returns Magnitude = 5. Those figures come from running this exact tool, so you can reproduce them by entering the same values.

What happens if I enter larger values?

It moves a lot. Using x = 6, y = 8 and z = 5 instead, Magnitude goes from 5 to 11.18 — which is why it is worth testing a few scenarios rather than trusting a single figure.

What does it give for smaller values?

Scaled down to x = 2, y = 2 and z = 1, Magnitude comes out at 3. The relationship is worth checking at both ends before you rely on a single result.

When would I actually use this?

Checking a decomposition done by hand, solving a linear system, and finding the eigenvalues that describe how a transformation stretches space.

What is the most common mistake?

Inverting a matrix to solve a system. Elimination or a factorisation is both faster and far more stable numerically; an explicit inverse amplifies rounding error, especially when the matrix is close to singular.

What is the difference between the Vector magnitude calculator and the Unit Vector Calculator?

This one returns Magnitude; the Unit Vector Calculator returns Result. That is the whole difference — open the one whose figure you need.

Where do the figures come from, and how current are they?

The decompositions follow their textbook definitions with partial pivoting where it applies. Results are exact for small integer matrices and subject to floating-point rounding otherwise.

Further reading

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