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Titration calculator

Solve acid-base titrations with the equivalence relation M₁V₁n₁ = M₂V₂n₂, which accounts for polyprotic acids and bases through their equivalents. Find an unknown analyte molarity from the titrant used, or the volume of titrant needed to reach the equivalence point.

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The Titration calculator turns Solve for, Titrant molarity (M), Titrant volume at equivalence (mL), Analyte volume (mL), Analyte molarity (M) — for volume mode, Titrant equivalents (n), Analyte equivalents (n) into Result, Unit, Moles of titrant equivalents, instantly and for free. For instance, with Solve for = Unknown analyte molarity, Titrant molarity (M) = 0.1, Titrant volume at equivalence (mL) = 24.8, Analyte volume (mL) = 25, Analyte molarity (M) — for volume mode = 0.1, Titrant equivalents (n) = 1 and Analyte equivalents (n) = 1 it returns Result = 0.099, Unit = M and Moles of titrant equivalents = 0.002.

How to use it

  1. Enter your values: Solve for, Titrant molarity (M), Titrant volume at equivalence (mL), Analyte volume (mL), Analyte molarity (M) — for volume mode, Titrant equivalents (n), Analyte equivalents (n).
  2. Read the result instantly: Result, Unit, Moles of titrant equivalents.
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Frequently asked questions

What does the Titration calculator actually compute?

It takes Solve for, Titrant molarity (M), Titrant volume at equivalence (mL), Analyte volume (mL), Analyte molarity (M) — for volume mode, Titrant equivalents (n) and Analyte equivalents (n) and derives Result, Unit and Moles of titrant equivalents from them. The calculation is live as you type, so the result updates on every change.

What information do I need to provide?

7 values: Solve for, Titrant molarity (M), Titrant volume at equivalence (mL), Analyte volume (mL), Analyte molarity (M) — for volume mode, Titrant equivalents (n) and Analyte equivalents (n). Nothing else is required — no account, no file upload.

Can you show a worked example?

With Solve for = Unknown analyte molarity, Titrant molarity (M) = 0.1, Titrant volume at equivalence (mL) = 24.8, Analyte volume (mL) = 25, Analyte molarity (M) — for volume mode = 0.1, Titrant equivalents (n) = 1 and Analyte equivalents (n) = 1, the calculator returns Result = 0.099, Unit = M and Moles of titrant equivalents = 0.002. Those figures come from running this exact tool, so you can reproduce them by entering the same values.

What happens if I enter larger values?

It moves a lot. Using Solve for = Titrant volume at equivalence, Titrant molarity (M) = 0.2, Titrant volume at equivalence (mL) = 49.6, Analyte volume (mL) = 50, Analyte molarity (M) — for volume mode = 0.2, Titrant equivalents (n) = 2 and Analyte equivalents (n) = 2 instead, Result goes from 0.099 to 50 — which is why it is worth testing a few scenarios rather than trusting a single figure.

Which “Solve for” option should I choose?

You can pick between « Unknown analyte molarity » and « Titrant volume at equivalence ». Each one changes what the calculator works out, so switch and compare — the default is « Unknown analyte molarity ».

What does it give for smaller values?

Scaled down to Solve for = Unknown analyte molarity, Titrant molarity (M) = 0.05, Titrant volume at equivalence (mL) = 12.4, Analyte volume (mL) = 12.5, Analyte molarity (M) — for volume mode = 0.05, Titrant equivalents (n) = 1 and Analyte equivalents (n) = 1, Result comes out at 0.05. The relationship is worth checking at both ends before you rely on a single result.

When would I actually use this?

Preparing a solution at a stated concentration, working out how much of a reagent a reaction needs, and converting between mass, moles and volume.

What is the most common mistake?

Confusing molarity with molality. One is per litre of solution and the other per kilogram of solvent; they diverge as concentration rises, and only one of them is temperature-independent.

What is the difference between the Titration calculator and the Molality calculator?

This one returns Result and Unit; the Molality calculator returns Molality and Moles of solute used. That is the whole difference — open the one whose figure you need.

Is there a tool for the next step?

Normality calculator is the closest one after this: Compute the normality of a solution — gram-equivalents of solute per litre. Enter equivalents directly or a mass with its molar mass and n-factor, plus the volume, and it returns the normality (N) and the equivalent molarity (M = N ÷ n-factor).

Further reading

All guides →
ExplainerThe Same Burette Reading Gives Two Different Concentrations24.80 mL of 0.1 M titrant into 25.00 mL of analyte gives 0.0992 M — or 0.0496 M if the analyte releases two protons. The stoichiometry is typed, not measured.How-toHow to Calculate pH — And When the Weak-Acid Shortcut Stops WorkingFour routes for four kinds of solution, each worked with real numbers. Including the part most pages leave out: the square-root formula for a weak acid is an approximation with a validity limit, and it fails quietly.ExplainerA Buffer Holds Its pH by a Ratio, So Dilution Changes NothingEqual amounts of a weak acid and its base give pH = pKa exactly, at any concentration. Blood runs the same equation at a 20:1 ratio and lands on 7.40.ExplainerAn Absorbance of Two Means One Per Cent of the Light Gets Through6,220 M⁻¹cm⁻¹ at 100 µM through 1 cm gives A = 0.622, and 23.9 % of the light emerges. Double the path length and A doubles to 1.244 — the scale is logarithmic, and that is where it breaks.ExplainerOsmotic Pressure Counts Particles, Not Molecules0.15 M of a salt that splits in two and 0.30 M of one that does not give the identical 7.64 atmospheres. Only the particle count reaches the membrane.ExplainerSalting Pasta Water Raises the Boiling Point by Two Tenths of a DegreeFifty grams of salt in five litres is 0.171 mol/kg and buys +0.175 °C. Reaching a full degree would take 285 grams — most of a box.
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