gene
nomcourant dans les dialogues
- //d͡ʒiːn//
A theoretical unit of heredity of living organisms which may take several values and (in principle) predetermines a precise trait of an organism's form (phenotype), such as hair color.
nom
- 1
A theoretical unit of heredity of living organisms which may take several values and (in principle) predetermines a precise trait of an organism's form (phenotype), such as hair color.
Near-synonym: cistron (often synonymous)
The US supreme court has ruled unanimously that natural human genes cannot be patented, a decision that scientists and civil rights campaigners said removed a major barrier to patient care and medical innovation.
- 2
A segment of DNA or RNA from a cell's or an organism's genome, that may take several forms and thus parameterizes a phenomenon, such as (often) the structure of a protein.
Holonym: locus
A change in a gene is reflected in the protein or RNA molecule that it codes for.
A length of DNA is divided into segments called chromosomes and shorter individual units called genes.
One way to define a gene (there are many, and they are not all equivalent) is as the bit of DNA that contains the information needed to make a specific protein or a functional RNA molecule.
Étymologie
From German Gen, from Ancient Greek γενεά (geneá, “generation, descent”), from the aorist infinitive of γίγνομαι (gígnomai, “to come into being”). Coined by Danish botanist Wilhelm Ludwig Johannsen in 1909, in a German-language publication, from the last syllable of pangene.
Formes
- pluriel
- genes
gene · A theoretical unit of heredity of living organisms which may take several values and (in principle) predetermines a precise trait of an organism's…
Gene · A unisex given name. A diminutive of the male given name…general · Including or involving every part or member of a given or…General · The title used by a military general, flag rank officer of…